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Grid Connection
ENERCON Grid Connection System
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ENERCON installations feature a grid feed system that meets the latest grid connection requirements and can therefore be easily integrated in any supply and distribution structures. ENERCON’s concept offers solutions such as reactive power management and voltage control for normal operation as well as for critical situations resulting from network short-circuits or bottlenecks. Wind turbine behavior is essentially comparable to conventional power plants. ENERCON is the first manufacturer worldwide to have received a certificate confirming these power plant properties.
Energy generated in the ENERCON annular generator is fed to an inverter via a rectifier and a so-called DC link, It ensures that output power is regulated according to grid specifications. This is where stipulated requirements, such as voltage frequency and reactive power for each individual turbine in a wind farm, are implemented. The system transformer makes the conversion from 400 V to medium voltage.
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Electrical Grid Compatibility
The wind turbines offer maximum grid compatibility due to their control and operating mode. Output peaks do not occur due to the closed-loop and open-loop control concept. Almost no reactive power is required in normal operation.
Wide Voltage And Frequency Ranges
ENERCON’s grid feed system allows the wind turbine to operate within a wide range promoting reliable operation in weak grids. This enables ENERCON wind energy converters to support the electrical grid even at complex locations.
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Coordinated Grid Feed In Network
In order to provide reliable economical grid operation, power feed timing has to be regulated. To ensure that this takes place, variable set point values for maximum permitted power gradients can be specified for ENERCON grid feed systems. For example, when the wind turbine or wind farm is started up, power feed can be controlled according to requirement. This allows the grid operator to optimize load flow and grid voltage stability as well as the interaction between power supply companies and consumers.
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Reactive Power Management
Reactive power must be regulated when operating transmission and distribution grids. It is necessary to compensate transmission equipment such as cables and transformers, and to maintain voltage stability. ENERCON wind turbines have a wide operating range for reactive power exchange which can be provided to the grid as a system service.
In many regions of the world conventional power plants alone are not sufficient to meet highly complex requirements for stable grid operation. In these cases, dynamic reactive power sources such as a so-called SVC or STATCOM (Static Compensator) must be integrated into the grid to guarantee adequate power supply quality for the consumer. As an option, ENERCON wind turbines are able to provide the grid with the performance properties of a STATCOM. Irrespective of power feed, the entire reactive power range is at the disposal of the grid operator even if active power is not being fed into the grid. These STATCOM properties are a crucial requirement to connect to weak and heavily loaded networks operating on the edge of stability.
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In many regions of the world conventional power plants alone are not sufficient to meet highly complex requirements for stable grid operation. In these cases, dynamic reactive power sources such as a so-called SVC or STATCOM (Static Compensator) must be integrated into the grid to guarantee adequate power supply quality for the consumer. As an option, ENERCON wind turbines are able to provide the grid with the performance properties of a STATCOM. Irrespective of power feed, the entire reactive power range is at the disposal of the grid operator even if active power is not being fed into the grid. These STATCOM properties are a crucial requirement to connect to weak and heavily loaded networks operating on the edge of stability.
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Staying Connected When Grid Problems Occur
Similar to power station behavior, wind turbines in transmission grids should not immediately disconnect from the grid when short circuits occur. During voltage dips due to grid problems they should be able to remain connected to the grid. ENERCON wind turbines have this capacity. If necessary, the turbines also support grid voltage when problems arise. This is achieved by feeding reactive power. After the problem has been remedied and grid voltage has been restored, the wind turbine immediately continues feeding power.
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